vardhman bearings
http://www.vardhmanbearing.com/
we manufacture all type of universal joints , cardan shafts , propeller shafts , u joints cross joints , cardan shaft couplings , flange universal joints , drive shaft , drive shaft couplings , spline attached universal joints , telescopic universal joints , harden universal joints , universal couplings ,
A Comprehensive range of Precision Universal Joints for specific applications is available to the Indian Industry.
*
From manually operated Friction bearing joints to Bracket version for medium torque / speed characteristics & Needle bearing mounted joints for high speed applications (up to 4000 rpm)
*
Stainless Steel joints also available
*
These Joints can be machined to accommodate Bores, Keyways, Square & Hexagonal holes, as standard
*
Range covers outside diameters from 10 to 95 mm - all confirming to DIN standards. Single, double & extendable type joints are available in all 3 varieties.
* Single Joint * Double Joint * Static Breaking *
Seri. No.
B
A
BORE SIZE
C
N.m.
SERI No.
B
A
BROE SIZE
C
E
N.m.
STAN-DARD
WITH KEY WAY
STAN-DARD
WITH KEY WAY
SJ1
9.5
44
6
-
13
21
DJ1
13
71.5
8
-
15
21.5
44
SJ2
13
50
8
-
15
44
DJ2
16
81
10
7.5
16
25
75
SJ3
16
58
10
7.5
17
75
DJ3
19
91
12
8.5
19
27
89
SJ4
19
64
12
8.5
19
89
DJ4
22.5
111
14
11
21
35
135
SJ5
22.5
76
14
11
21
135
DJ5
25.5
122
16
12
25
36
193
SJ6
25.5
86
16
12
25
193
DJ6
29
133
18
14
26
43
331
SJ7
29
90
18
14
26
331
DJ7
32
143
20/22
16
26.5
48
600
SJ8
32
95
20/22
16
26.5
600
DJ8
38.5
162
25
19
30
54
910
SJ9
38.5
108
25
19
30
910
DJ9
44.5
194
30
22.5
34.5
67
1230
SJ10
44.5
127
30
22.5
34.5
1230
DJ10
51
218
35
27.5
38
78
1790
SJ11
51
140
35
27.5
38
1790
DJ11
57.5
245
40
32
47.5
80
2850
SJ12
57.5
165
40
32
47.5
2860
DJ12
63.5
267
45
36.5
50
89
3810
SJ13
63.5
178
45
36.5
50
3810
DJ13
76.5
318
50
44.5
56
96
7510
SJ14
76.5
222
50
44.5
66
7510
DJ14
89
365
65
53
78
111
11010
SJ15
89
254
65
53
78.5
111010
DJ15
102
410
70
62
94
118
15850
SJ16
102
292
70
62
94
15850
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
All Dimensions in mm
Introduction : OKI Universal Joints provide a simple & economic method of connecting two shafts whose axes are inclined at an angle. They are also used when the angle varies during rotation eliminating the need for the complicated & expensive mechanisms usually associated with this type of application.
Lubrication : For both intermittent & continuously rated joints where constant lubrication (such as an oil bath) is not available joint covers for grease packing are recommended.
We introduce our self as manufacturer of all type of universal joints
These universal joints also named as u joint , cross joint , cardon shafts , ball joints , hooke joints , hook joints , hardy spicer joints , cardon joints , consant velocity joint , telescopic universal joints , ball type universal joint , universal joint with spline attachment , universal joint with needle bearings , hook type universal joint , steering joints , steering universal joints , textile joints , machine joints , end joints , hinged joints , universal couplings , fexible couplings , universal joints , u joints , cardon shafts , propeller joints , propeller shafts , universal propeller shafts , hinged universal coupling , cross joints , constant velocity universal joints , trunnion joints , cv joints , billet joints , car universal joints , robot joints , shaft joints , Bendix-Weiss universal joint , tradelink joints , heavy duty universal joints , front universal joints , rear universal joints , cardan universal joints , double universal joints , single universal joint , yoke joint , yoke universal joint , universal joint kit , spider joints , spicer joints , trasmil joints , Steering Column Universal Joint , lovejoy universal joints ,Speed Rzeppa Universal Joint , rear end joints , extended joint , extended universal joint , chrome universal joint , propshaft universal joint , rather crude universal joint , federal mogul universal joint , servo actuator universal joint , driven joints , driven universal joints , drive shaft universal joint , apex universal joints , vardhman universal joints , Johnson power universal joints , steering universal joint , speeder universal joints , angle joints , angle universal joints , gear hub joints , gear hub universal joints , lego universal joints , universal coupling joints , axle universal joints , axle u joint , end yoke joints , uj joints , uj universal joints , u joints , u joints universal joints , ball socket joints , ball socket universal joint , weaver leaver universal joint , ronstan flexible universal joint , ina universal joint , u bolt joint , u bolt universal joint , alignment joint , alignment universal joint , socket joints , socket universal joints , tradelink universal joint , cross and cup universal joint , keyway joints , rod end bearings , rod end universal joint , clevis joints , heim joints , hiem joints ,
We manufacturer all type of universal joints , hook type universal joint , pin type universal joint , ball type universal joint , needle bearing type universal joint , universal joint with needle bearing , telescopic universal joint , harden universal joint , universal joint with spline attachment , universal joint with square bore , universal joint hex bore , universal joint keyway , as per customer requirement , universal joint for high speed , universal joint for high rpm , heavy duty universal joint , light duty universal joint , plastic universal joint , stainless steel universal joint , ss universal joint , stainless steel universal joint , flexible universal joint , cardon shaft universal joint , pin type universal joint , welded universal joint , double universal joint , double universal joint with spline , single universal joint ,
U joint, Cardan joint, Hardy-Spicer joint, or Hooke's joint is a joint in a rigid rod that allows the rod to 'bend' in any direction, and is commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion. It consists of a pair of hinges located close together, oriented at 90° relative to each other, connected by a cross shaft.These Universal joint are manily used in automobile , textile , machines , weaving machines , packing machines , spm , filling machines , looms , steering , mills , milling machines , automatic machines , box making machines , construction machines , mining machines , drilling machines , multi spindle drilling machines , rubber machines , packing machines , printing machines , machines , welding machines , cnc machines , cnc lathe , cnc drilling machines , plastic machines , injection machines , laboratory equipments , chemical plants , heavy industry , construction machines , cement plants , cement filling palnts , bottling plants , hydraulic machine , pneumatic machine , rolling mills , robots , cars , assembling machines , material handling machines , steering machines , fixing machines , ATM , fax machines , reactors , trackters , trackter , truck , bulldozer , road macking machines , road marking machines , drilling machines , concert mixing machines , mixtures , rotary machines , spm , agricultural machines , farming machines , poultry machines , automatic machines , gaming machines , gambling machines , building machines , weaving machines , welding machines , weighting machines , weighing machines , grinding machines , switchgear , wire machines , r and d machines , laboratory machines , hardening machines , furnaces , looms , rotary machines , propeller machines , air crafts , marking machines , vending machines , washing machines , virtual machines , crazy machines , complex machines , yard machine , lfiting machines , cranes , slot machines , marking machines , broaching machines , casting machines , forging machines , cigarette making machines , candy making machines , block making machine , soda machines , fog machines , sewing machine ,
Universal joint
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A universal joint
A universal joint, U joint, Cardan joint, Hardy-Spicer joint, or Hooke's joint is a joint in a rigid rod that allows the rod to 'bend' in any direction, and is commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion. It consists of a pair of hinges located close together, oriented at 90° to each other, connected by a cross shaft.
Contents[hide]
1 History
2 Equation of motion
3 Double Cardan Shaft
4 Double Cardan Joint
5 Thompson Coupling
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
//
[edit] History
The main concept of the universal joint is based on the design of gimbals, which have been in use since antiquity. One anticipation of the universal joint was its use by the Ancient Greeks on ballistae. The first person known to have suggested its use for transmitting motive power was Gerolamo Cardano, an Italian mathematician, in 1545, although it is unclear whether he produced a working model. Christopher Polhem later reinvented it and it was called "Polhem knot". In Europe, the device is often called the Cardan joint or Cardan shaft. Robert Hooke produced a working universal joint in 1676, giving rise to an alternative name, the Hooke's joint. Though the first use of the name universal joint is sometimes attributed to American car manufacturer Henry Ford, the term appeared in patent documents as early as 1884 when Charles H. Amidon was awarded United States Letters Patent No. 298,542 for a bit brace.
[edit] Equation of motion
Diagram of variables for the universal joint. Axle 1 is perpendicular to the red plane and axle 2 is perpendicular to the blue plane at all times. These planes are at an angle β with respect to each other. The angular displacement (rotational position) of each axle is given by γ1 and γ2 respectively, which are the angles of the unit vectors and with respect to their initial positions along the x and y axes. The and vectors are fixed by the gimbal connecting the two axles and so are constrained to remain perpendicular to each other at all times.
The Cardan joint suffers from one major problem: even when the drive shaft axle rotates at a constant speed, the driven shaft axle rotates at a variable speed, thus causing vibration and wear. The variation in the speed of the driven shaft depends on the configuration of the joint, which is specified by three variables:
γ1 The angle of rotation for axle 1
γ2 The angle of rotation for axle 2
β The bend angle of the joint, or angle of the axles with respect to each other, with zero being parallel or straight through.
These variables are illustrated in the diagram on the right. Also shown are a set of fixed coordinate axes with unit vectors and and the planes of rotation of each axle. These planes of rotation are perpendicular to the axes of rotation and do not move as the axles rotate. The two axles are joined by a gimbal which is not shown. However, axle 1 attaches to the gimbal at the red points on the red plane of rotation in the diagram, and axle 2 attaches at the blue points on the blue plane. Coordinate systems fixed with respect to the rotating axles are defined as having their x-axis unit vectors ( and ) pointing from the origin towards one of the connection points. As shown in the diagram, is at angle γ1 with respect to its beginning position along the x axis and is at angle γ2 with respect to its beginning position along the y axis.
is confined to the "red plane" in the diagram and is related to γ1 by:
is confined to the "blue plane" in the diagram and is the result of the unit vector on the x axis being rotated through Euler angles ]:
A constraint on the and vectors is that since they are fixed in the gimbal, they must remain at right angles to each other:
Thus the equation of motion relating the two angular positions is given by:
The angles γ1 and γ2 in a rotating joint will be functions of time. Differentiating the equation of motion with respect to time and using the equation of motion itself to eliminate a variable yields the relationship between the angular velocities ω1 = dγ1 / dt and ω2 = dγ2 / dt:
Angular (rotational) output shaft speed versus rotation angle for different bend angles of the joint
Output shaft rotation angle, , versus input shaft rotation angle, , for different bend angles, , of the joint
As shown in the plots, the angular velocities are not linearly related, but rather are periodic with a period twice that of the rotating shafts. The angular velocity equation can again be differentiated to get the relation between the angular accelerations a1 and a2:
[edit] Double Cardan Shaft
Universal joints in a driveshaft
A configuration known as a double Cardan joint drive shaft partially overcomes the problem of jerky rotation. This configuration uses two U-joints joined by an intermediate shaft, with the second U-joint phased in relation to the first U-joint to cancel the changing angular velocity. In this configuration, the assembly will result in an almost constant velocity, provided both the driving and the driven shaft are parallel and the two universal joints are correctly aligned with each other - usually 90°. This assembly is commonly employed in rear wheel drive vehicles, where it is known as a drive shaft or propeller (prop) shaft.
Even when the driving and driven shafts are parallel, if " src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/a/d/c/adc5b8748d05ed786452edf96c06ce57.png"> 0°, oscillating moments are applied to the three shafts as they rotate. These tend to bend them in a direction perpendicular to the common plane of the shafts. This applies forces to the support bearings and can cause "launch shudder" in rear wheel drive vehicles.[1] The intermediate shaft will also maintain a sinusoidal angular velocity, which contributes to vibration and stresses.
[edit] Double Cardan Joint
Main article: Constant-velocity joint#Double Cardan
A double cardan joint consists of two universal joints mounted back to back, with no intermediate shaft. The second UJ cancels the velocity errors introduced by the single joint, and so they act as a CV joint.
[edit] Thompson Coupling
Main article: Constant-velocity joint#Thompson coupling
A Thompson Coupling is a refined version of the double Cardan joint. It offers slightly increased efficiency with the penalty of some increase in complexity.
[edit] See also
Cardan shaft
Constant-velocity joint
Elastic coupling
Gear coupling
Rag joint
[edit] References
Theory of Machines 3 from National University of Ireland
^ Electronically-controlled adjustable height bearing support bracket - US Patent 6345680
[edit] External links
[1] by Sándor Kabai, Wolfram Demonstrations Project.
DIY: Replacing ABC Television - The New Inventors - broadcast Feb 2007
U.S. Patent 7,144,326 - Constant velocity coupling
Video on Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xgQgm3GwaFs
Video on Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dh5C4e4exhM
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_joint"
Categories: Kinematics Mechanisms Automotive transmission technologies
http://www.vardhmanbearing.com/
we manufacture all type of universal joints , cardan shafts , propeller shafts , u joints cross joints , cardan shaft couplings , flange universal joints , drive shaft , drive shaft couplings , spline attached universal joints , telescopic universal joints , harden universal joints , universal couplings ,
A Comprehensive range of Precision Universal Joints for specific applications is available to the Indian Industry.
*
From manually operated Friction bearing joints to Bracket version for medium torque / speed characteristics & Needle bearing mounted joints for high speed applications (up to 4000 rpm)
*
Stainless Steel joints also available
*
These Joints can be machined to accommodate Bores, Keyways, Square & Hexagonal holes, as standard
*
Range covers outside diameters from 10 to 95 mm - all confirming to DIN standards. Single, double & extendable type joints are available in all 3 varieties.
* Single Joint * Double Joint * Static Breaking *
Seri. No.
B
A
BORE SIZE
C
N.m.
SERI No.
B
A
BROE SIZE
C
E
N.m.
STAN-DARD
WITH KEY WAY
STAN-DARD
WITH KEY WAY
SJ1
9.5
44
6
-
13
21
DJ1
13
71.5
8
-
15
21.5
44
SJ2
13
50
8
-
15
44
DJ2
16
81
10
7.5
16
25
75
SJ3
16
58
10
7.5
17
75
DJ3
19
91
12
8.5
19
27
89
SJ4
19
64
12
8.5
19
89
DJ4
22.5
111
14
11
21
35
135
SJ5
22.5
76
14
11
21
135
DJ5
25.5
122
16
12
25
36
193
SJ6
25.5
86
16
12
25
193
DJ6
29
133
18
14
26
43
331
SJ7
29
90
18
14
26
331
DJ7
32
143
20/22
16
26.5
48
600
SJ8
32
95
20/22
16
26.5
600
DJ8
38.5
162
25
19
30
54
910
SJ9
38.5
108
25
19
30
910
DJ9
44.5
194
30
22.5
34.5
67
1230
SJ10
44.5
127
30
22.5
34.5
1230
DJ10
51
218
35
27.5
38
78
1790
SJ11
51
140
35
27.5
38
1790
DJ11
57.5
245
40
32
47.5
80
2850
SJ12
57.5
165
40
32
47.5
2860
DJ12
63.5
267
45
36.5
50
89
3810
SJ13
63.5
178
45
36.5
50
3810
DJ13
76.5
318
50
44.5
56
96
7510
SJ14
76.5
222
50
44.5
66
7510
DJ14
89
365
65
53
78
111
11010
SJ15
89
254
65
53
78.5
111010
DJ15
102
410
70
62
94
118
15850
SJ16
102
292
70
62
94
15850
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
All Dimensions in mm
Introduction : OKI Universal Joints provide a simple & economic method of connecting two shafts whose axes are inclined at an angle. They are also used when the angle varies during rotation eliminating the need for the complicated & expensive mechanisms usually associated with this type of application.
Lubrication : For both intermittent & continuously rated joints where constant lubrication (such as an oil bath) is not available joint covers for grease packing are recommended.
We introduce our self as manufacturer of all type of universal joints
These universal joints also named as u joint , cross joint , cardon shafts , ball joints , hooke joints , hook joints , hardy spicer joints , cardon joints , consant velocity joint , telescopic universal joints , ball type universal joint , universal joint with spline attachment , universal joint with needle bearings , hook type universal joint , steering joints , steering universal joints , textile joints , machine joints , end joints , hinged joints , universal couplings , fexible couplings , universal joints , u joints , cardon shafts , propeller joints , propeller shafts , universal propeller shafts , hinged universal coupling , cross joints , constant velocity universal joints , trunnion joints , cv joints , billet joints , car universal joints , robot joints , shaft joints , Bendix-Weiss universal joint , tradelink joints , heavy duty universal joints , front universal joints , rear universal joints , cardan universal joints , double universal joints , single universal joint , yoke joint , yoke universal joint , universal joint kit , spider joints , spicer joints , trasmil joints , Steering Column Universal Joint , lovejoy universal joints ,Speed Rzeppa Universal Joint , rear end joints , extended joint , extended universal joint , chrome universal joint , propshaft universal joint , rather crude universal joint , federal mogul universal joint , servo actuator universal joint , driven joints , driven universal joints , drive shaft universal joint , apex universal joints , vardhman universal joints , Johnson power universal joints , steering universal joint , speeder universal joints , angle joints , angle universal joints , gear hub joints , gear hub universal joints , lego universal joints , universal coupling joints , axle universal joints , axle u joint , end yoke joints , uj joints , uj universal joints , u joints , u joints universal joints , ball socket joints , ball socket universal joint , weaver leaver universal joint , ronstan flexible universal joint , ina universal joint , u bolt joint , u bolt universal joint , alignment joint , alignment universal joint , socket joints , socket universal joints , tradelink universal joint , cross and cup universal joint , keyway joints , rod end bearings , rod end universal joint , clevis joints , heim joints , hiem joints ,
We manufacturer all type of universal joints , hook type universal joint , pin type universal joint , ball type universal joint , needle bearing type universal joint , universal joint with needle bearing , telescopic universal joint , harden universal joint , universal joint with spline attachment , universal joint with square bore , universal joint hex bore , universal joint keyway , as per customer requirement , universal joint for high speed , universal joint for high rpm , heavy duty universal joint , light duty universal joint , plastic universal joint , stainless steel universal joint , ss universal joint , stainless steel universal joint , flexible universal joint , cardon shaft universal joint , pin type universal joint , welded universal joint , double universal joint , double universal joint with spline , single universal joint ,
U joint, Cardan joint, Hardy-Spicer joint, or Hooke's joint is a joint in a rigid rod that allows the rod to 'bend' in any direction, and is commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion. It consists of a pair of hinges located close together, oriented at 90° relative to each other, connected by a cross shaft.These Universal joint are manily used in automobile , textile , machines , weaving machines , packing machines , spm , filling machines , looms , steering , mills , milling machines , automatic machines , box making machines , construction machines , mining machines , drilling machines , multi spindle drilling machines , rubber machines , packing machines , printing machines , machines , welding machines , cnc machines , cnc lathe , cnc drilling machines , plastic machines , injection machines , laboratory equipments , chemical plants , heavy industry , construction machines , cement plants , cement filling palnts , bottling plants , hydraulic machine , pneumatic machine , rolling mills , robots , cars , assembling machines , material handling machines , steering machines , fixing machines , ATM , fax machines , reactors , trackters , trackter , truck , bulldozer , road macking machines , road marking machines , drilling machines , concert mixing machines , mixtures , rotary machines , spm , agricultural machines , farming machines , poultry machines , automatic machines , gaming machines , gambling machines , building machines , weaving machines , welding machines , weighting machines , weighing machines , grinding machines , switchgear , wire machines , r and d machines , laboratory machines , hardening machines , furnaces , looms , rotary machines , propeller machines , air crafts , marking machines , vending machines , washing machines , virtual machines , crazy machines , complex machines , yard machine , lfiting machines , cranes , slot machines , marking machines , broaching machines , casting machines , forging machines , cigarette making machines , candy making machines , block making machine , soda machines , fog machines , sewing machine ,
Universal joint
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A universal joint
A universal joint, U joint, Cardan joint, Hardy-Spicer joint, or Hooke's joint is a joint in a rigid rod that allows the rod to 'bend' in any direction, and is commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion. It consists of a pair of hinges located close together, oriented at 90° to each other, connected by a cross shaft.
Contents[hide]
1 History
2 Equation of motion
3 Double Cardan Shaft
4 Double Cardan Joint
5 Thompson Coupling
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
//
[edit] History
The main concept of the universal joint is based on the design of gimbals, which have been in use since antiquity. One anticipation of the universal joint was its use by the Ancient Greeks on ballistae. The first person known to have suggested its use for transmitting motive power was Gerolamo Cardano, an Italian mathematician, in 1545, although it is unclear whether he produced a working model. Christopher Polhem later reinvented it and it was called "Polhem knot". In Europe, the device is often called the Cardan joint or Cardan shaft. Robert Hooke produced a working universal joint in 1676, giving rise to an alternative name, the Hooke's joint. Though the first use of the name universal joint is sometimes attributed to American car manufacturer Henry Ford, the term appeared in patent documents as early as 1884 when Charles H. Amidon was awarded United States Letters Patent No. 298,542 for a bit brace.
[edit] Equation of motion
Diagram of variables for the universal joint. Axle 1 is perpendicular to the red plane and axle 2 is perpendicular to the blue plane at all times. These planes are at an angle β with respect to each other. The angular displacement (rotational position) of each axle is given by γ1 and γ2 respectively, which are the angles of the unit vectors and with respect to their initial positions along the x and y axes. The and vectors are fixed by the gimbal connecting the two axles and so are constrained to remain perpendicular to each other at all times.
The Cardan joint suffers from one major problem: even when the drive shaft axle rotates at a constant speed, the driven shaft axle rotates at a variable speed, thus causing vibration and wear. The variation in the speed of the driven shaft depends on the configuration of the joint, which is specified by three variables:
γ1 The angle of rotation for axle 1
γ2 The angle of rotation for axle 2
β The bend angle of the joint, or angle of the axles with respect to each other, with zero being parallel or straight through.
These variables are illustrated in the diagram on the right. Also shown are a set of fixed coordinate axes with unit vectors and and the planes of rotation of each axle. These planes of rotation are perpendicular to the axes of rotation and do not move as the axles rotate. The two axles are joined by a gimbal which is not shown. However, axle 1 attaches to the gimbal at the red points on the red plane of rotation in the diagram, and axle 2 attaches at the blue points on the blue plane. Coordinate systems fixed with respect to the rotating axles are defined as having their x-axis unit vectors ( and ) pointing from the origin towards one of the connection points. As shown in the diagram, is at angle γ1 with respect to its beginning position along the x axis and is at angle γ2 with respect to its beginning position along the y axis.
is confined to the "red plane" in the diagram and is related to γ1 by:
is confined to the "blue plane" in the diagram and is the result of the unit vector on the x axis being rotated through Euler angles ]:
A constraint on the and vectors is that since they are fixed in the gimbal, they must remain at right angles to each other:
Thus the equation of motion relating the two angular positions is given by:
The angles γ1 and γ2 in a rotating joint will be functions of time. Differentiating the equation of motion with respect to time and using the equation of motion itself to eliminate a variable yields the relationship between the angular velocities ω1 = dγ1 / dt and ω2 = dγ2 / dt:
Angular (rotational) output shaft speed versus rotation angle for different bend angles of the joint
Output shaft rotation angle, , versus input shaft rotation angle, , for different bend angles, , of the joint
As shown in the plots, the angular velocities are not linearly related, but rather are periodic with a period twice that of the rotating shafts. The angular velocity equation can again be differentiated to get the relation between the angular accelerations a1 and a2:
[edit] Double Cardan Shaft
Universal joints in a driveshaft
A configuration known as a double Cardan joint drive shaft partially overcomes the problem of jerky rotation. This configuration uses two U-joints joined by an intermediate shaft, with the second U-joint phased in relation to the first U-joint to cancel the changing angular velocity. In this configuration, the assembly will result in an almost constant velocity, provided both the driving and the driven shaft are parallel and the two universal joints are correctly aligned with each other - usually 90°. This assembly is commonly employed in rear wheel drive vehicles, where it is known as a drive shaft or propeller (prop) shaft.
Even when the driving and driven shafts are parallel, if " src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/a/d/c/adc5b8748d05ed786452edf96c06ce57.png"> 0°, oscillating moments are applied to the three shafts as they rotate. These tend to bend them in a direction perpendicular to the common plane of the shafts. This applies forces to the support bearings and can cause "launch shudder" in rear wheel drive vehicles.[1] The intermediate shaft will also maintain a sinusoidal angular velocity, which contributes to vibration and stresses.
[edit] Double Cardan Joint
Main article: Constant-velocity joint#Double Cardan
A double cardan joint consists of two universal joints mounted back to back, with no intermediate shaft. The second UJ cancels the velocity errors introduced by the single joint, and so they act as a CV joint.
[edit] Thompson Coupling
Main article: Constant-velocity joint#Thompson coupling
A Thompson Coupling is a refined version of the double Cardan joint. It offers slightly increased efficiency with the penalty of some increase in complexity.
[edit] See also
Cardan shaft
Constant-velocity joint
Elastic coupling
Gear coupling
Rag joint
[edit] References
Theory of Machines 3 from National University of Ireland
^ Electronically-controlled adjustable height bearing support bracket - US Patent 6345680
[edit] External links
[1] by Sándor Kabai, Wolfram Demonstrations Project.
DIY: Replacing ABC Television - The New Inventors - broadcast Feb 2007
U.S. Patent 7,144,326 - Constant velocity coupling
Video on Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xgQgm3GwaFs
Video on Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dh5C4e4exhM
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_joint"
Categories: Kinematics Mechanisms Automotive transmission technologies
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